{"id":24256,"date":"2020-10-06T10:28:04","date_gmt":"2020-10-06T09:28:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/?p=24256"},"modified":"2020-10-06T14:02:12","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T13:02:12","slug":"questions-for-uk-gov-as-eu-court-rules-on-internet-data-snooping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/index.php\/2020\/10\/questions-for-uk-gov-as-eu-court-rules-on-internet-data-snooping.html","title":{"rendered":"Questions for UK Gov as EU Court Rules on Internet Data Snooping"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has this morning issued a ruling that appears to impose restrictions on the general and indiscriminate retention of phone and internet data, which raises some new questions for the UK Government’s Investigatory Powers Act (IPAct) – also known as the “snoopers charter<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

At present the IPAct forces broadband ISPs and mobile operators into logging the Internet Connection Records<\/strong> (ICR) of all their customers for up to 12 months (e.g. the IP addresses of the servers you’ve visited and when), which can be accessed without a warrant and occurs regardless of whether or not you’re suspected of a crime. However, obtaining the actual content of a communication, still requires a warrant.<\/p>\n

The Home Office<\/strong> have long maintained that such powers are needed to “protect national security and investigate serious crimes<\/em>” and they’re “only used where it is absolutely necessary and proportionate and are independently authorised by the Office for Communications Data Authorisations, except in urgent or national security cases<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

However, in recent years, the CJEU has ruled, in several judgements, on the retention of and access to personal data in the field of electronic communications. The resulting case-law found that EU Member States “could not require<\/em>” providers of such services to “retain traffic data and location data in a general and indiscriminate way<\/em>“, which prompted some challenges from the affected states (UK, France, Belgium etc.).<\/p>\n

The CJEU has today ruled<\/a> (PDF) that EU law “precludes<\/em>” national legislation requiring a provider of electronic communications services to carry out the “general and indiscriminate transmission or retention of traffic data and location data<\/em>” for the “purpose of combating crime in general or of safeguarding national security<\/em>,” but there are some exceptions to this.<\/p>\n

CJEU Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n

However, in situations where a Member State is facing a serious threat to national security<\/strong><\/em> that proves to be genuine and present or foreseeable, that Member State may derogate from the obligation to ensure the confidentiality of data relating to electronic communications by requiring, by way of legislative measures, the general and indiscriminate retention of that data for a period that is limited in time to what is strictly necessary<\/strong><\/em>, but which may be extended if the threat persists.<\/p>\n

As regards combating serious crime and preventing serious threats to public security, a Member State may also provide for the targeted retention of that data<\/strong><\/em> as well as its expedited retention. Such an interference with fundamental rights must be accompanied by effective safeguards and be reviewed by a court or by an independent administrative authority.<\/p>\n

Likewise, it is open to a Member State to carry out a general and indiscriminate retention of IP addresses assigned to the source of a communication where the retention period is limited to what is strictly necessary, or even to carry out a general and indiscriminate retention of data relating to the civil identity of users of means of electronic communication, and in the latter case the retention is not subject to a specific time limit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The UK could perhaps argue that their current rules are still compatible with this as they don’t strictly provide for the “general and indiscriminate<\/em>” retention, but that may precipitate further challenges through the courts. At the same time others may well point to the fact that we’re due to completely leave the EU at the end of 2020 (Brexit<\/strong>), but that by itself doesn’t completely resolve the issue.<\/p>\n

Part of the UK’s future relationship with the EU revolves around data adequacy<\/strong>, which is a status granted by the European Commission to countries outside the European Economic Area (EEA) who provide a level of personal data protection comparable to that provided in European law.<\/p>\n

A final decision on the UK’s data adequacy status is expected as part of any Trade Deal, assuming one can be reached, by the end of this year. How much today’s ruling plays into that negotiation is an interesting one to consider.<\/p>\n

UPDATE 1:59pm<\/strong><\/p>\n

We’ve had a useful opinion from a data protection lawyer.<\/p>\n

Mark Taylor, Partner and Data Protection Lawyer for Osborne Clarke, told ISPreview.co.uk:<\/strong><\/p>\n

“The ruling is a setback, rather than a full defeat. The judgment does not prevent all data retention, nor all security service access to data. However, it indicates that the extent of current retention, and the legal controls around it, need adjustment to align with EU data protection laws.<\/p>\n

It reinforces previous ECJ rulings that the UK security services’ powers around personal data are in scope of EU law, and do not fully align with it. This is very likely to be a point of contention in the European Commission’s consideration of whether to give the UK data adequacy status on Brexit. As such, this national security ruling has broader ramifications for UK business than might first appear.<\/p>\n

Without an adequacy decision, UK businesses would be faced with the issue that their extensive, “business as usual” transfers between the EU and UK of personal data concerning employees, customers, suppliers etc would cease to be compliant with the GDPR’s rules on data transfers. For compliance to be restored, businesses would need to insert specific contractual provisions into their contracts \u2013 so called ‘standard contractual clauses’ – governing those transfers of personal data. Clearly this process would be a significant and disruptive project, requiring the investment of time and money.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has this morning issued a ruling that appears to impose restrictions on the general and indiscriminate retention of phone and internet data, which raises some new questions for the UK Government’s Investigatory Powers Act (IPAct) – also known as the “snoopers charter.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24258,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[86,109,38,479],"class_list":["post-24256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uk_isp_news","tag-law","tag-internet-privacy","tag-politics","tag-security"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"yoast_head":"\nQuestions for UK Gov as EU Court Rules on Internet Data Snooping - ISPreview UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has this morning issued a ruling that appears to impose restrictions on the general and indiscriminate\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/index.php\/2020\/10\/questions-for-uk-gov-as-eu-court-rules-on-internet-data-snooping.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Questions for UK Gov as EU Court Rules on Internet Data Snooping - 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