{"id":43619,"date":"2025-10-24T14:46:09","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T13:46:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/?p=43619"},"modified":"2026-01-26T16:47:28","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T16:47:28","slug":"ofcom-make-part-of-1900mhz-band-available-for-5g-mobile-on-uks-rail-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/index.php\/2025\/10\/ofcom-make-part-of-1900mhz-band-available-for-5g-mobile-on-uks-rail-network.html","title":{"rendered":"Ofcom Make Part of 1900MHz Band Available for 5G Mobile on UK’s Rail Network UPDATE"},"content":{"rendered":"

As expected, Ofcom<\/a> has today confirmed that they will make part of the 1900MHz radio spectrum band (1900-1920MHz), which had previously gone unused by mobile operators, available for use by both the UK\u2019s rail network (5G<\/a> \/ data services) and to extend coverage for the 4G<\/a> Emergency Services Network (ESN).<\/p>\n

Mobile operators do in fact make use of the 1900MHz band, just not the 20MHz slice of unpaired<\/em> spectrum in question (i.e. they lacked an ecosystem for deploying higher-power services). In addition, the need for a guard band against paired spectrum (reducing an already limited pot of spectrum) and the limited bandwidth it offers were also seen as discouraging factors.<\/p>\n

NOTE:<\/strong> The 1900\u20131920 MHz (1900 MHz) band was previously referred to as the \u201cunpaired 2100MHz band<\/em>\u201d. The reference to FRMCS below reflects plans to deploy the latest 5G<\/a> mobile technology for rail networks \u2013 the Future Rail Mobile Communication System<\/strong> (FRMCS), which is due to replace GSM-R and other legacy systems (2G).<\/div>\n

Suffice to say that, in March 2024, Ofcom<\/a> ended up revoking existing licensees\u2019 access to the band with 5 years\u2019 notice, thereby enabling authorisation of new users from 4th April 2029<\/strong>. Instead, the regulator believes the “optimal use<\/em>” of the first 1900\u20131910MHz spectrum in the future will be for the latest 5G<\/a> mobile technology for rail networks: the Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS).<\/p>\n

On top of that, they’ve today decided that the “optimal use<\/em>” of the next 1910\u20131915MHz slice in Great Britain will be for providing extended coverage for the Emergency Services Network<\/strong> (ESN), through the use of \u201cgateways<\/em>\u201d installed on emergency vehicles such as ambulances. But Ofcom<\/a> is NOT yet proposing to authorise any use in the final 1915\u20131920MHz part of the band, “primarily because of the power restrictions necessary to protect the mobile band above 1920MHz from interference, as well as uncertainty over demand for the spectrum<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

Ofcom’s Decision<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Authorise 1900\u20131910 MHz for operational rail communications to enable the rollout of FRMCS throughout the UK. The new FRMCS licences will:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Be restricted to the provision of operational rail communications.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Contain technical conditions suitable for the deployment of FRMCS.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Authorise a geographic area covering the applicant\u2019s rail infrastructure, which would be determined on a case-by-case basis.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Require technical coordination with other existing or future FRMCS licensees in overlapping or neighbouring geographic areas.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Have an annual fee of \u00a31,458,000 for a licence covering Great Britain, and \u00a342,000 for a licence covering Northern Ireland. Licences for smaller rail networks would pay a smaller fee, scaled by the length of the rail routes covered.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Come into effect on or after 4 April 2029.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Be issued via a simple process, with checks on applicants\u2019 ability to comply with key licence conditions.<\/p>\n

Authorise 1910\u20131915 MHz to enable the use of Emergency Services Network (ESN) gateways in Great Britain. The licence will:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Be restricted to the provision of ESN gateways by the provider(s) contracted by the UK Government to supply these gateways (currently BT<\/a>\/EE<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\u2022 Have a fixed duration, aligned with the contract to supply ESN gateways.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Allow use throughout Great Britain.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Contain technical conditions consistent with the requirements of the ESN.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Have an annual fee of \u00a3364,500 for a licence covering Great Britain.<\/p>\n

The commencement date for the ESN gateway licence is subject to a further consultation.<\/p>\n

At present, we are not authorising use of 1910\u20131915 MHz in Northern Ireland where the emergency services have different communication arrangements to Great Britain.<\/p>\n

We are also not authorising 1915\u20131920 MHz throughout the UK, primarily because of the power restrictions necessary to protect the mobile band above 1920 MHz from interference, combined with uncertainty over demand for the spectrum.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Despite the April 2029 date, Ofcom are now seeking views on whether or not they can allow access to the 1910\u20131915MHz spectrum for ESN Gateway use ahead of that date. Finally, FRMCS itself will support greater digitalisation of the UK\u2019s railways by replacing existing 2G technology and “enabling trains, signalling and railway staff to be better connected than before, helping to improve the operation of the rail network<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

UPDATE 26th Jan 2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ofcom has now officially decided<\/a> to make the 1910\u20131915 MHz spectrum available for the emergency services prior to 4th April 2029, which will include a condition in the ESN gateway licence that ESN gateways must operate on a non-interference, non-protection basis prior to 4th April 2029 (after this date, the condition will fall away).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As expected, Ofcom has today confirmed that they will make part of the 1900MHz radio spectrum band (1900-1920MHz), which had previously gone unused by mobile operators, available for use by both the UK\u2019s rail network (5G \/ data services) and to extend coverage for the 4G Emergency Services Network (ESN).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43019,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[406,60,36,78,476],"class_list":["post-43619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uk_isp_news","tag-5g","tag-mobile-broadband","tag-ofcom-regulation","tag-trains","tag-wifi"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/mastodon.social\/@ispreview\/115429452853679627","error":""},"yoast_head":"\nOfcom Make Part of 1900MHz Band Available for 5G Mobile on UK's Rail Network UPDATE - ISPreview UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As expected, Ofcom has today confirmed that they will make part of the 1900MHz radio spectrum band (1900-1920MHz), which had previously gone unused by\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ispreview.co.uk\/index.php\/2025\/10\/ofcom-make-part-of-1900mhz-band-available-for-5g-mobile-on-uks-rail-network.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ofcom Make Part of 1900MHz Band Available for 5G Mobile on UK's Rail Network UPDATE - 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