So it doesn't show up on Ubuntu, so I'm not sure what that means.
If I plug the modem into the B-Key m.2 port (doesn't have PCIE) on my device and run "lsusb -v" then I can see it shows up as a USB device. However there is nothing in networking and nothing shows up if I install modem-manager-gui.
My current guess at what's happening:
In Windows with the modem plugged into the M-Key M.2 port via the adapter the PCIE bus is getting passed through, but the USB bus where it displays it's serial interface is not. I therefore cannot communicate with it over AT commands.
When I plug it into the B-Key m.2 port the USB ports mount but I don't seem to be able to address them or see them over tty, but I don't really understand properly what I am doing.
I was reading through this thread on the Lenovo Forum:
https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/ThinkPad-X-Series-Laptops/Mobile-Wireless-turned-off/td-p/3723214
Where a user has a similar problem trying to get a branded OEM card to work. I am attempting to get this to work with the Lenovo drivers, but when looking through the driver information it doesn't actually look like there are specific vendor id's - it all just refers to intel.
Further down this thread one user trying to help suggests the modem may be unlocked with an AT command. I am hoping I will be able to communicate with the modem over AT in order to 'turn it on' then pop it back into my machine.
Which USB adapter do you use for your modem? Is it just a generic USB to modem adapter? I might pick one up just to see if it is picked up in Ubuntu.